SEMINAR TOPICS ON CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

LATEST SEMINAR TOPICS ON CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

SEMINAR TOPICS ON CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

Nano Technology-Fueling the Chemical Industry’s Future
Biocolours-A New Generation Additive For Industries
Metal-Matrix Composite Processing
Arsenic Reduction From Water
War Gases
Carbon Sequestration Technologies
Decolourisation of textile dyeing waste water using UV/solar photofentons oxidationProcess
Chemical Oceanography
High Temperature polymers
New Chemical Instrument Uses Missile Technology
Multiple Effect Evaporation
Microstructural Modeling of Branched-Block and Linear-Block Polyolefins
LDAR: Enforcement and Inspection
Manufacturing methods to control polymorphism
Air Monitoring Equipments
Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization
High Preformance Polymers
Emulsification using microfiltration membranes
Bio-oxidation - A Technology For Sustainable Air Pollution Control
Microbial Enhanced Oil Recovery (MEOR)
Recycling of Paper
Radioactive Waste Management
Ion spectroscopy
Airborne Particle Monitoring
Natural and Fabricated Nan Biomaterials
Solar Ponds
Application Of Linearization Methods
Particle Surface Modification
Metal-Matrix Composite Processing
Metamorphic Robots
Particle Sizing by Laser Diffraction
Remote Airborne Particle Counter
Advances In Mass Spectrometry
ChemometricsWind Power in France
Biological Applications Of Macromolecules
FluorimetryFuture for Next Generation of Nuclear Power Plants
Radiation Processing of Polymers
Inventory and Flow Control in Complex Process Networks
Photon spectroscopy
Polymer Processing
Thermophotovoltaics
Natural and Fabricated NanoBiomaterials

Biomass for Carbon Sequestration
Non-proliferation and Growth of Nuclear Fuels: Iran
Sustainability of Ethanol and Other Biofuels
Sustainable H2 Production from Next Generation Nuclear Plants
Fluorescent Tracing in Process Control
Hospital Waste Management
Microfluidics
Membrane Bioreactor-An Excellent Option for Wastewater Treatment
Modern Air Pollution Control Technologies
New Polymerization Technology for Advanced Materials
Processing of semiconductor materials
Tidal Energy Harvesting
Particle Reinforced Aluminium Matrix Composites
Modern Air Pollution Control Technologies
Biomass Fuelled Power Plant
Recycling of Plastics
Synthesis of Nanostructured Materials
Fuel Cells and Sustainable Development
Ozone in Water Treatment
Particle Reinforced Aluminium Matrix Composites
Phytoremediation
Plant-made pharmaceuticals
Membrane Bioreactors (MBR)
Noise Pollution and Control in Chemical Industry
Air permit
Industrial PVC Formulation
Fluorescence Spectroscopy
Polarography
Concentrating Solar Power
Chemometrics

Wind Power in France
Biological Applications Of Macromolecules
Fluorimetry
Future for Next Generation of Nuclear Power Plants
Radiation Processing of Polymers
Inventory and Flow Control in Complex Process Networks
Photon spectroscopy
Polymer Processing
Thermophotovoltaics
Natural and Fabricated NanoBiomaterials
Biomass for Carbon Sequestration
Non-proliferation and Growth of Nuclear Fuels: Iran
DLVO theory
Safety in the Chemical Process Industry
Nanoparticle Bonding Technology for Advanced Materials
Universal Heat Mining
Functional Genomics
Solar Power Satellites
Composite Materials
Coal Bed Methane as NG Source
Turbine Selection Issues for Wind
Sequestration and Impacts on Carbon Trading Markets
Supercritical Fluids
Computational Fluid Dynamics
Polymer Science and Engineering
Hydrogen - Fuel for the Future?
Recent Development Industrial Catalysis
Chemical Weapons
Processing Of Polymeric Materials
Distributed Energy Generation
Environmental Application of Supercritical Fluid Technology
Cell Cultivation
Microemulsion Polymerization



ENJOY:SEMINAR TOPICS ON CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

A Geometric Approach to Improving Active Packet Loss Measurement

1.      INTRODUCTION

 A Geometric Approach to Improving Active Packet Loss Measurement

Abstract

Measurement and estimation of packet loss characteristics are challenging due to the relatively rare occurrence and typically short duration of packet loss episodes. While active probe tools are commonly used to measure packet loss on end-to-end paths, there has been little analysis of the accuracy of these tools or their impact on the network. The objective of our study is to understand how to measure packet loss episodes accurately with end-to-end probes. We begin by testing the capability of standard Poisson-modulated end-to-end measurements of loss in a controlled laboratory environment using IP routers and commodity end hosts. Our tests show that loss characteristics reported from such Poisson-modulated probe tools can be quite inaccurate over a range of traffic conditions. Motivated by these observations, we introduce a new algorithm for packet loss measurement that is designed to overcome the deficiencies in standard Poisson-based tools. Specifically, our method entails probe experiments that follow a geometric distribution to 1) enable an explicit trade-off between accuracy and impact on the network, and 2) enable more accurate measurements than standard Poisson probing at the same rate. We evaluate the capabilities of our methodology experimentally by developing and implementing a prototype tool, called BADABING. The experiments demonstrate the trade-offs between impact on the network and measurement accuracy. We show that BADABING reports loss characteristics far more accurately than traditional loss measurement tools.

LIST OF ENGINEERING BRANCHES

    LIST OF ENGINEERING BRANCHES 

ALL ENGINEERING BRANCHES

AERONAUTICAL ENGINEERING

AEROSPACE ENGINEERING

AEROSPACE ENGINEERING 
AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING 
ARCHITECTURAL ENGINEERING 
BIOENGINEERING AND BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING 
BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERING 
CERAMIC ENGINEERING 
CHEMICAL, BIOCHEMICAL, BIOMOLECULAR ENGINEERING 
CONSTRUCTION ENGINEERING 
ELECTRICAL AND COMPUTER ENGINEERING 
GENERAL ENGINEERING,

AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD ENGINEERING.

AGRICULTURAL AND IRRIGATION ENGINEERING.

AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING.

AIRCRAFT MANUFACTURING AND MAINTENANCE ENGINEERING.

APPLIED ELECTRONICS AND INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERING

ARCHITECTURE ENGINEERING.

ATOMOBILE ENGINEERING.

AUTOMATION AND ROBOTICS.

Environmental Engineering Seminar Topics

Environmental Engineering Seminar Topics 

 

Environmental Engineering

Advanced Wastewater Treatment

An Earthquake Induced Ground Failure: Liquefaction

Analysis and Design of Sheet Piles

Biological Wastewater Treatment

Carbon Abatement Technologies[CATs]

Carbon capture technologies, CO2 transport, storage and use

Catalytic converters

Civil/Environmental Engineering Projects Using GPS Information

Latest Mechanical Engineering Seminar Topics

Latest Mechanical Engineering Seminar Topics

Mechanical Engineering

3d Machine Vision Systems

Aerodynamics

Aerodynamics of an Airplane Wings

Aerogel

Aeroplane Propulsion System

Agile Manufacturing

Air Brake System Of Indian Railways

Air Craft Hydraulic System

Air Muscles

Air powered cars

Anti-Lock Braking Sensors

Antimatter

Apache Helicopter

Application of Nitrous Oxide in Automobiles

Applications of Mobile Robotic System

Atomic Battery

Automatic Air Suspension

Automatic Transmission In Cars

Automatic Vehicle Locator

Autonomous Car

Autotronics

Latest Seminar Topics on Aeronautical Engineering

Latest Seminar Topics on  Aeronautical Engineering

Latest Seminar Topics on  Aeronautical Engineering

1.Bird deflector system for jet engines - a CFD analysis
2. Aerodynamic Load Estimation of a Helicopter Rotor in Hover and Climb
3. Introductory level rocket
4. Flow Analysis over an bullet
5. Cooling techniques in spacecraft
6. RC Plane modeling
7. Variable Twist Wing
8. Flexible Wing
9. Automatic Crack Detection
10. Optimization in Vertical Takeoff
11. Automative curative structures
12. Automation in landing system
13. Supersonic and subsonic wind tunnels
14. Design of microwave vehicle
15. Design optimization of aircraft
16. Vibrational reduction
17. Stealth without aerodynamics
18. Balloon Satellite Project
19. Bird deflector system for jet engines - a CFD analysis
20. CAD & Prototype Fabrication

Seminar Topics for Civil Engineering - 2014

 Seminar Topics for Civil Engineering - 2014 

Seminar Topics for Civil Engineering - 2014

Alternate Conc. Material

Anaerobic Digestion

Analysis Of Durability Of High Performance Concrete Using Artificial Neural Networks 

Bamboo As A Building Material 

Bamboo As Construction Material

Bus rapid Transfer

Causes And Prevention Of Natural Disaster Of Road

Cities Then And Now

Cold Formed Steel Sections

Concreting In Hot And Cold Weather Conditions

Construction Management

Control Of Corrosion On Underwater Piles

Corrosion Of Steel In Reinforcement

Cost Effective Techniques In Building Construction

Demolition Of Building 

Demolition Of Structures

Design Of Intersection

Deterioration Of Concrete In Marine Structures

Diagrid : The Language Of Modern Day Builder

Different Types Of Bridges

Drip Irrigation 

Earthquake Resistant Building Construction

Genetic Algorithm

Geo polymeric Building Materials By Synergetic Utilisation Of industrial Wastes

Green Concrete

Hazardous Waste Management 

History Of Towers

Marble Dust

Noise Control Of Buildings

Polymer Modified Steel Fibre Reinforced Concrete

Pre-Cast Construction

Prefabricated Structures

Presentation On Synthetic Fibers

Reactive Powder Concrete

Ready Mixed Concrete

Recycled Concrete

Recycled Concrete Aggregate

Role Of Geo-Synthetics In Civil Engineering

Self Compacting Concrete

Self Healing Material

Seminar On High Strength Concrete

Significance Of Nanotechnology In Construction Engineering

Silica Fume As An Admixture In Concrete

Stainless Steel As Reinforcement

Stone Mastic Asphalt 

Stress Ribbon Bridge

Structural Behaviour Of High Strength Concrete Columns Exposed To Fire

Submerged Floating Tunnels 

Tensegrity Structures And Their Application To Architecture 

Transatlantic Tunnel Case Study

Trench less Technology

Tube Structures

Underground Construction 

Wind loading on buildings

Enjoy:Seminar Topics for Civil Engineering - 2014

ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION SEMINAR TOPICS 2014

ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION SEMINAR TOPICS 2014

ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION SEMINAR TOPICS 2014

3D Assembly Of Magnetic And Semiconducting Nanoparticles

3-D PRINTING AND CUSTOM MANUFACTURING 

4G

5G

Adaptive modulation Performance of wideband OFDM communications

Advances in Signal Processing and Artificial Intelligence Technologies in the Classification of Power Quality Events

Ambient Intelligence: the networking challenges

Artificial Intelligence For Speech Reorganization

Automated Traffic Control

Bank locker security system with SMS mobile alert

Biofuel Cells

Brain bridge

Brain gates

BRAIN2GRID 

Broad Band Over Power line

Cell Phone Line

Cellular Digital Packet Data

Challenges to Next-generation Internet (Internet 3)

Comparative Analysis of the Physical Layer Technologies in WiMax and LTE

Computer Through Multi-Channel Electrical Appliances Controlling System

corDECT 

Latest Computer Engineering Seminar Topics

Latest Computer Engineering Seminar Topics  

Latest Computer Engineering Seminar Topics 

4G MOBILE COMMUNICATIONS WIRELESS MOBILE COMMUNICATIONS PPT

4G Technology that Gets the World in your Palm CSE Seminar Topic

A Fledgling Technology DNA Computing

A PROACTIVE APPROACH TO NETWORK SECURITY

A STUDY ON MAN POWER OUTSOURCING at MATCH POINT MBA HR Project

ADVANCED SECURITY MEASURES IN A WIRELESS LAN Computer Seminar

Advanced Trend in 4G Communication Seminar Topic.

Advantages of Grid Computing Btech MCA Seminar Download

Agile Software Development Seminar Topic.

AIRLINE RESERVATION SYSTEM A JAVA PROJECT

All about Digital Image Processing

All about Embedded Spiking Neural Networks

All about Fingerprint Biometrics

All about Grid Computing BE CSE Seminar Topic

All About Multimedia Computer Science Paper Presentation

All About Network Security and Cryptography CSE Student Seminar

ALL PARTS OF A COMPUTER Technical White Paper

All We Need to Know About Biometrics Technologies

An Overview of Secure Shell CSIT Paper Presentation

Android A New Mobile Platform White Paper

Android Seminar Topic.

Applications of Artificial Intelligence CSE Technical Report

APPLICATIONS OF ROBOTICS IN MEDICINE Computer Science Engineering Seminar

ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE Final Seminar Topic

Artificial Intelligence for Speech Recognition BE Seminar

Astronomical Images and Printing Techniques Technical Doc

Automation of Cars- Embedded Systems Seminar For Electronics Students

AUTOMOBILE UTILIZATION VISUAL BASIC PROJECT

Latest Mechanical Seminar Topics

Latest Mechanical Seminar Topics 

Latest Mechanical Seminar Topics

1.3 Axis Digital Accelerometer
2.3D Solar cells

A
3.A Hypersonic Hybrid Vehicle
4.Ablative MAterials
5.Acoustic parking system (APS)
6.Active Electrically Controlled Suspension
7.Active Front Lighting System
8.Active roll-over protection system in Automobiles
9.Adaptive air suspension
10.Adaptive Crusie Control
11.ADVANCE IN CAR SAFETY
12.Advance Systems In Two Wheelers
13.Advanced composites
14.Advanced Cooling Systems
15.Advanced Off-set printing
16.Advanced Plastics
17.Advanced Propulsion Methods
18.Advanced Rocket Motors
19.Advances in Gas Turbine
20.AeroCapture
21.Aerodonetics
22.Aerospace Flywheel Development
23.Aerospace Propulsion
24.Aerospikes
25.Agile manufacturing
26.Air Bearings
27.Air Brithing Engine
28.Air Casters
29.Air Cushion Vehicles
30.Air powered cars
31.Air Ship
32.Air Suspension system
33.Air- Augmented Rocket
34.Aircraft design

ZIGBEE TECHNOLOGY

ABSTRACT

Imagine waking up early from bed on a cold day and being in a lethargic (inactive) state; have to perform the daily chores at home right from switching ON/OFF lights to activating water pumps etc...As you make your way to work, would you like to call home from your mobile to make sure you haven’t left anything on during the last-minute rush to get out of the door?  ZigBee springs up as a solution to get rid of these irksome domestic jobs and contributes for the realization of a Smart Home. The ‘Smart Home’ with all kinds of appliances from kitchenware to burglar alarms controlled by a single electronic device has been the dream of householders for decades.  Now those dreams of domestic bliss will shortly become reality. ZigBee, a new, cheap wireless technology will allow people to remotely-control every electrical device in their home from one gadget.

ZigBee is a home-area network designed specifically to replace the proliferation of individual remote controls. ZigBee was created to satisfy the market's need for a cost-effective, standards-based wireless network that supports low data rates, low power consumption, security, and reliability. ZigBee is so low powered that a typical battery-powered node can wake up, check in, send data, and shut down in less than 30 ms.

VLSI TECHNOLOGY

ABSTRACT

This is the world of VLSI(Very large scale integration). Presently all most all the people are using  technology  in various forms like mobiles,  i-pods, i-phones etc.,  Every one enjoys technology but only a few know about VLSI design in world design and its working.  Coming to VLSI it is the process of creating integrated circuits by combing 1000`s of transistor based circuits in to a single chip. It began 1970`s when complex semi conductors and communication technologies were being developed, But now it has become key to many sophisticated electronic devices. As the subject is a big ocean we laid our emphasis on VLSI chip coupled with SDR technology used in mobiles. VLSI technology makes the mobile affordable and SDR technology make its flexible. Coming to the role of soft ware define radio abbreviated as SDR, it helps one to access different net works like CDMA, GSM, WILL etc.  Basically SDR is radio communication system which can potentially tune to any frequency band and received any modulation across a large frequency spectrum by means of little hard ware as possible and process it signals through soft ware.

VLSI TECHNOLOGY

Most of the student is exposed to ICs at a very basic level involving SSI and MSI circuits like multiplexers, encoders, decoders etc.  VLSI is the next stage of SSI and MSI. This field involves packing more and more logic devices into smaller and smaller areas. Particularly in this era of Nano technology simplicity plays a very prominent role for any device. This is possible by using VLSI design. But this design involves a lot of expertise in many fronts like system architecture, logic and circuit design way for fabrication etc. A lot of knowledge is required for the actual implementation and design of VLSI. 

BLUETOOTH TECHNOLOGY

BLUETOOTH TECHNOLOGY

Bluetooth is a radio frequency specification for short range, point to point and point to multi point voice and data transfer. Bluetooth technology facilitates the replacement of cables normally used to connect one device to another by a short range radio link. With the help of blue tooth we can operate our keyboard and mouse without direct connection of CPU. Printers, fax machines, headphone, mouse, keyboard or any other digital devices can be part of Bluetooth system.

In spite of facilitating the replacement of cables, Bluetooth technology works as an universal medium to bridge the existing data networks, a peripheral interface for existing devices and provide a mechanism to form short ad hok network of connected devices away from fixed network infrastructures.

Due to their independence on short range radio link, Bluetooth devices do not require a line of site connection in order to communicate. Therefore a computer can print information on a printer if printer is in inside the room. Two blue tooth devices can talk to each other when they come within range of 10 meters to each other.Bluetooth technology represents an opportunity for the industry to deliver wireless solutions that are ubiquitous across a broad range of devices. 

4G WIRELESS TECHNOLOGY

INTRODUCTION

Pick up any newspaper today and it is a safe bet that you will find an article somewhere relating to mobile communications. If it is not in the technology section it will almost certainly be in the business section and relate to the increasing share prices of operators or equipment manufacturers, or acquisitions and take-overs thereof. Such is the pervasiveness of mobile communications that it is affecting virtually everyone’s life and has become a major political topic and a significant contributor to national gross domestic product (GDP).

The major driver to change in the mobile area in the last ten years has been the massive enabling implications of digital technology, both in digital signal processing and in service provision. The equivalent driver now, and in the next five years, will be the all pervasiveness of software in both networks and terminals. The digital revolution is well underway and we stand at the doorway to the software revolution. Accompanying these changes are societal developments involving the extensions in the use of mobiles. Starting out from speech-dominated services we are now experiencing massive growth in applications involving SMS (Short Message Service) together with the start of Internet applications using WAP (Wireless Application Protocol) and i-mode. The mobile phone has not only followed the watch, the calculator and the organiser as an essential personal accessory but has subsumed all of them. With the new Internet extensions it will also lead to a convergence of the PC, hi-fl and television and provide mobility to facilities previously only available on one network.

3D INTERNET

ABSTRACT

The 3D Internet is a powerful new way for you to reach consumers, business customers, co-workers, partners, and students. It combines the immediacy of television, the versatile content of the Web, and the relationship-building strengths of social networking sites like Face book . Yet unlike the passive experience of television, the 3D Internet is inherently interactive and engaging. Virtual worlds provide immersive 3D experiences that replicate (and in some cases exceed) real life. 

People who take part in virtual worlds stay online longer with a heightened level of interest. To take advantage of that interest, diverse businesses and organizations have claimed an early stake in this fast-growing market. They include technology leaders such as IBM, Microsoft, and Cisco, companies such as BMW, Toyota , Circuit City , Coca Cola, and Calvin Klein, and scores of universities, including Harvard, Stanford and Penn State .

INTRODUCTION

The success of 3D communities and mapping applications, combined with the falling costs of producing 3D environments, are leading some analysts to predict that a dramatic shift is taking place in the way people see and navigate the Internet. 

The appeal of 3D worlds to consumers and vendors lies in the level of immersion that the programs offer. The experience of interacting with another character in a 3D environment, as opposed to a screen name or a flat image, adds new appeal to the act of socializing on the Internet. Advertisements in Microsoft's Virtual Earth 3D mapping application are placed as billboards and signs on top of buildings, blending in with the application's urban landscapes. 

MOBILE PHONE TRACKING

Abstract

        “MOBILE TRACKING” is based on J2ME and PHP. In today’s fast world, mobile has become one of the important commodities of a human being. It has become a necessity rather than a luxurious commodity. The Mobile Tracking helps to track the current location of the mobile. It is a web application. This application tracks the mobile location in every 5 seconds in connection with the central tower. The Mobile Tracking application will be deployed in Symbian supporting mobile phones. This system sends the following information to the server.

1. Mobile ID
2. Location
3. Time at which the device was present on the above location

The users of the mobile application can get the shop details of a place by providing the location. The application will fetch the shop information on that location and display the details on the mobile screen. In the proposed system we have created
an application by means of which we can track the movement of the mobile phone of the desired user. Each mobile phone has a unique Id and it is this ID that sets apart a mobile phone from other mobile phones. By means of this ID can identify each mobile and track the mobile phone anywhere we want.

The web application is create using PHP with MySQL as database. This serves as the Admin panel. Admin can log in using his credentials Admin has the following functionalities.

Monolithic Dome

Abstract of Monolithic Dome

       Dome is an element of architecture that resembles a hollow upper half of a sphere. Dome structures made of various materials have a long architectural lineage extending into prehistory. It may be defined as a thin shell generated by the revolution of a regular curve about one of its axis. The shape of the dome depends upon the type of the curve and the direction of the axis of revolution. When the segment of a regular curve revolves about its vertical diameter, a spherical dome is obtained. Domes are used in variety of structures such as roof of circular areas, circular tanks, exhibition halls, auditorium, bottom of tanks and bunkers.

With the introduction of monolithic dome structures find wide applications in many branches of technology. From the point of view of architecture, the development of dome structure offers unexpected possibilities and opportunities for the combined realization of functional, economic and aesthetic aspects. Energy efficiency of building designs should be considered and is high in monolithic domes. A monolithic dome is a structure cast in a one-piece form. The form may be permanent or temporary and may or may not remain part of the finished structure. Monolithic is dedicated to improving people’s lives worldwide by introducing and constructing Monolithic Domes, for personal and public use, that are disaster-resistant, energy-efficient and cost-effective. The energy saving features of domes are summarized by an architect who states, “Dome embody the virtues of simplicity, economy, and energy conservation, and enclose the maximum amount of space with the least surface area. It is this surface area which consists of building materials, and comprises the exterior skin of the building through which heat is gained, or lost. This is the essence of dome efficiency.”(Zimmerman,1992). For the construction of dome structures it requires airform kit. With the exception of airform kit, locally available materials are all that is needed to produce a dome.

Symbian Mobile Operating System

Symbian Mobile Operating System

             This document provides information about the Symbian operating system, which is one of the mobile operating systems. It provides the overview of what is the Symbian operating system?, What are the characteristics of Symbian OS? i.e. Why we have to use this mobile operating system?, What all Symbian base Cell-Phones can do?, Symbian OS Architecture & Working Flow, Different Mobiles Supports for Symbian. Symbian is an operating system (OS) targeted at mobile phones that offers a high-level of integration with communication and personal information management (PIM) functionality. Symbian OS combines middleware with wireless communications through an integrated mailbox and the integration of Java and PIM functionality (agenda and contacts). The Symbian OS is open for third-party development by independent software vendors, enterprise IT departments, network operators and Symbian OS licensees

The smartphone operating system Symbian OS is produced by the software developer and licensing company Symbian Ltd. Symbian Ltd was established in June 1998 and has its headquarters in Southwark, UK, and the current CEO is Nigel Clifford. Symbian was previously owned by Nokia, Ericsson, Sony Ericsson, Panasonic and Samsung, on the 24th of June 2008 however Nokia announced it would acquire Symbian Ltd. Now, on this day, Nokia is the one and only owner of Symbian.

Symbian OS offers a high level of integration with communication and personal information management (PIM) functionality. As a smart phone operating system, Symbian can provide many applications and services such as; navigation, games, music playback, associated libraries, etc. Symbian was designed for mobile devices from its earliest incarnation as EPOC32 in the Psion Series 5.

Mobile Jammer

Definition of GSM 900 Mobile Jammer

A GSM Jammer or cell phone jammer is a device that transmit signal on the same frequency at which the GSM system operates, the jamming success when the mobile phones in the area where the jammer is located are disabled.
Communication jamming devices were first developed and used by military. Where tactical commanders use RF communications to exercise control of their forces, an enemy has interest in those communications. This interest comes from the fundamental area of denying the successful transport of the information from the sender to the receiver.
Nowadays the mobile jammer devices or cell phone jammer software are becoming civilian products rather than electronic warfare devices, since with the increasing number of the mobile phone users the need to disable mobile phones in specific places where the ringing of cell phone would be disruptive has increased. These places include worship places, university lecture rooms, libraries, concert halls, meeting rooms, and other places where silence is appreciated.

Introduction of GSM 900 Mobile Jammer

Jamming devices overpower the cell phone by transmitting a signal on the same frequency as the cell phone and at a high enough power that the two signals collide and cancel each other out. Cell phones are designed to add power if they experience low-level interference, so the jammer must recognize and match the power increase from the phone. Cell phones are full-duplex devices, which mean they use two separate frequencies, one for talking and one for listening simultaneously. Some jammers block only one of the frequencies used by cell phones, which has the effect of blocking both. The phone is tricked into thinking there is no service because it can receive only one of the frequencies. Less complex devices block only one group of frequencies, while sophisticated jammers can block several types of networks at once to head off dual-mode or tri-mode phones that automatically switch among different network types to find an open signal. Some of the high-end devices block all frequencies at once and others can be tuned to specific frequencies.
To jam a cell phone, all you need is a device that broadcasts on the correct frequencies. Although different cellular systems process signals differently, all cell-phone networks use radio signals that can be interrupted. GSM, used in digital cellular and PCS-based systems, operates in the 900-MHz and 1800-MHz bands in Europe and Asia and in the 1900-MHz (sometimes referred to as 1.9-GHz) band in the United States. Jammers can broadcast on any frequency and are effective against AMPS, CDMA, TDMA, GSM, PCS, DCS, iDEN and Nextel systems. Old-fashioned analog cell phones and today's digital devices are equally susceptible to jamming. Disrupting a cell phone is the same as jamming any other type of radio communication. A cell phone works by communicating with its service network through a cell tower or base station. Cell towers divide a city into small areas, or cells. As a cell phone user drives down the street, the signal is handed from tower to tower.

High Speed Packet Access

Abstract of HSPA

The High Speed Packet Access technology is the most widely used mobile broadband technology in communication world. It was already built in more than 3.8 billion connection with GSM family of technologies. The HSPA technology is referred to both High Speed Downlink Packet Access (3GPP Release 5) and to High Speed Uplink Packet Access (3GPP Release 6). The Evolved HSPA technology or HSPA + is the evolution of HSPA that extends operator’s investments before the next generation’s technology 3GPP Long Term Evolution (LTE or 3GPP Release 8). The HSPA technology is implemented on third generation (3G) UMTS/WCDMA network and accepted as the leader in mobile data communication.
Using the HSDPA optimization on downlink is performed, whereas the HSUPA technology applying Enhanced Dedicated Channel (E-DCH) sets some improvements for the uplink performance optimization. The products that support HSUPA became available in 2007 and the combination of both HSDPA and HSUPA were called HSPA. Adopting these technologies the throughput, latency and spectral efficiency were improved. Introducing HSPA resulted to the increase of overall throughput approximately to 85 % on the uplink and a rise more than 50 % in user throughput. The HSPA downlink available rates are 1 to 4 Mbps and for the uplink are 500 kbps to 2Mbps as of 1 quarter of 2009. The theoretical bit rates are 14Mbps at the downlink and 5.8 Mbps at the uplink in a 5MHz channel. Besides, the latency is notably reduced as well. In the improved network, the latency is less than 50ms, and after the introduction of 2ms Transmission Time Interval (TTI) latency is expected to be just 30ms.

High Speed Downlink Packet Access

The main idea of HSDPA concept is a growth of packet access throughput with methods known from Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM)/ Enhanced Data Rates for Global Evolution (EDGE) standards, involving link adaptation and fast physical layers (L1) retransmission combining. The demand of arriving to possible memory requirements and bringing control for link adaptation closer to the air interface brought forward the High Speed Downlink Shared Channel (HS-DSCH).
The functioning of HSDPA is done in a way that after calculating the quality of every HSDPA user based for example on power control, ACK/NACK ratio, and HSDPA specific user feedback at the Node-B, then scheduling and link adaptation are immediately conducted depending on the active scheduling algorithm and user prioritization scheme. Using HSDPA the fundamental features of WCDMA like variable spreading factor (SF) and fast power control are switched off and replaced by adaptive modulation and coding (AMC), extensive multicode operation and a fast and spectrally efficient retransmission strategy.
The power control dynamics in downlink is 20 dB, and at the uplink it is 70 dB. Due to intra-cell interference (interference between users on parallel code channels) and Node-B implementation some limitation are appeared for the downlink dynamics. Consequently, a near to Node-B user’s power is unable to be reduced maximally by the power control. Moreover, the reduced power beyond 20 dB influences a little on the capacity. With HSDPA, this property is handled by the link adaptation function and AMC to choose a coding and modulation combination that demands higher Ec/Io, which is available to the user near to Node-B.
This leads to the increase of customer throughput. Utilizing simultaneously up to 15 multicodes in parallel, a large dynamic range of the HSDPA link adaptation and maintenance of a good spectral efficiency are enabled. Using more robust coding, fast Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request (HARQ) and multicode operation makes the variable SF no more necessary.
In order to profit from the short term variations, the scheduling decisions are performed in the Node-B, so the capacity allocations for one user are done in a short time, in a friendly conditions. The physical layer packet combining is that the terminal accumulates the received data packets in soft memory and in the case of decoding failure, the new transmission is combined with the old one before channel decoding. The retransmission can be the same as the first transmission or can be with different bits relatively to the channel encoder output received during the last transmission. With addition incremental strategy, a diversity gain and improving decoding efficiency can be achieved.

The Physical Layer Operation Procedure

The steps of the physical layer operation of the HSDPA:
 The scheduler in the Node B estimates the conditions of the channel, the pended data in the buffer, the expired time since the last session of the user and so on.
 After defining TTI for the terminal, the HS-DSCH parameters are assigned.
 In order to inform the terminal of the necessary parameters, the HS-SCCH two slots are transmitted by the Node-B before the corresponding HS-DSCH TTI.
 The given HS-SCCHs are monitored and after the decoding of the Part1 from an HSSCCHdetermined for that terminal, the rest of the HS-SCCH is decoded and terminalwill buffer the necessary codes from the HS-DSCH.
 As soon as the HS-SCCH parameters are decoded from Part 2, the terminal can define to which ARQ process the data belongs and the whether it is required the combine of the data and that already in the soft buffer.
 After the potentially combined data is decoded, the terminal sends ACK/NACK indicator in the uplink direction.
 If the transmission is performed in the same TTI the same HS-SCCH is used.

Solar Mobile Charger

Solar Mobile Charger

          It works on the principle that when light falls on the solar cell, electron -hole pairs are created in the n-type emitter and in the p-type base.The generated electrons (from the base) and holes (from the emitter) then diffuse to the junction and are swept away by the electric field, thus producing. Certain modules are selected and worked out to suitable specifications. The development of solar charger goes from the fundamental level like soldering lamination and making the panel etc. The developed charger is planned for 6 Volts with ma capacity at bright sunlight and step down to 5Volts using regulator.In the report, the detailed experimental characteristics of mobile charger are noted.

Solar energy is the energy produced directly by the sun and collected elsewhere, normally the Earth. The sun creates its energy through a thermonuclear process . The process creates heat and electromagnetic radiation. Only a very small fraction of the total radiation produced reaches the Earth. The radiation that does reaches the Earth is the indirect source of nearly every type of energy used today . The radiation that does reach the Earth is the indirect source of nearly every type of energy used today. The exceptions are geothermal energy, and nuclear fission and fusion. Even fossil fuels owe their origins to the sun; they were once living plants and animals whose life was dependent upon the sun. Much of the world's required energy can be supplied directly by solar power. More still can be provided indirectly. The practicality of doing so will be examined, as well as the benefits and drawbacks. In addition, the uses solar energy is currently applied to will be noted.

Due to the nature of solar energy, two components are required to have a functional solar energy generator. These two components are a collector and a storage unit. The collector simply collects the radiation that falls on it and converts a fraction of it to other forms of energy (either electricity and heat or heat alone). The storage unit is required because of the non-constant nature of solar energy; at certain times only a very small amount of radiation will be received. At night or during heavy cloudcover, for example, the amount of energy produced by the collector will be quite small. The storage unit can hold the excess energy produced during the periods of maximum productivity, and release it when the productivity drops. In practice, a backup power supply is usually added, too, for the situations when the amount of energy required is greater than both what is being produced and what is stored in the container.

Project Report /Project Synopsis

Project Report /Project Synopsis

The objective of having a Project is to give an opportunity to the students to learn various management practices which are actually practiced by top managers and executives, management systems like level of hierarchy, communication strategy & pattern, importance of inter-personal relations and organizational complexity. To facilitate students get to know the industrial / corporate environment and most importantly they get an insight what corporate would expect when they will join their jobs in actual. This is to be achieved through substantial contribution of knowledge acquired by integration of theory and practice pertinent to the understanding and resolution of scenario or problem at hand, science of collecting data, analysis construction and deployment of most appropriate solution. The Project Report should demonstrate your competence in handling a sub set of real business problem and engineering your various skills. It is pertinent to note that the Project Report represents a visible concrete output and would stand as testimony of the student's demonstrated managerial skills

                       

Selection of Project / Seminar TopicsArrangement of Contents of Project / Seminar Report: 

The project can be selected in various ways like

Select a company / organization / institute concerned

Discuss with concerned persons, your specific requirements and select the subject/topic in their consultation.

Discuss with your faculty concerned, before making a choice of your subject/topic.

Consult experts in the field to make a right choice of the subject.

Study various articles / news items etc. appearing in dailies, weekly, monthly magazines to look for a desired topic.

Discussions with the relevant firm may help select a proper topic.

A critical eye can help you spot the right topic for your project.